Three Major Differences between a CV and Resume

If you’ve ever written a resume, whether, for yourself or someone else, you’ve probably questioned the subject of resume vs CV. Here we explore the difference and why it matters to you and your next job.

A CV is a document that professionals like lawyers, doctors, and academics use to summarize their educational background and work experience for potential employers. A resume is an abbreviated list of information that focuses on what skills or knowledge an individual has that would be relevant to the position they are applying for. The goal of both documents is to showcase one's qualifications in order to secure employment; however, they differ in function as well as presentation format which can facilitate or inhibit their ability to do so. Here are some of the main differences.

1. A CV is something that is typically attached to a cover letter

A resume, on the other hand, is a document used independently of a cover letter. The goal of this document is to highlight one's qualifications in order to secure employment, and since it can be used without the accompanying cover letter it can often function better in this regard. The most common reason employers favor resumes over CVs is because they are usually sent without any accompanying writing sample like a cover letter which only addresses the issue of how well-formatted those documents are.

2. A resume is more often used in the US while a CV is more popular in US/UK Commonwealth countries

While both documents may be referred to as either a resume or a CV, the term 'resume' is only used in the US, which is why many employers prefer to see resumes rather than CVs. The terms are also used interchangeably by translators and writers who are translating CVs into English from other languages. In addition, some job listing boards look for specific kinds of documents rather than use generic search functions which can then present applicants with unnecessary filtering options. (One of the most offensive I've encountered was this 'none of the above option.) As a result, many US employers are unfamiliar with CVs and especially those from other countries.

3. A CV is more comprehensive than a resume and may include references

A resume, on the other hand, is more functional in that it lists one's qualifications in order to secure employment, but it does not include any personal information like contact info or referees (references). It also generally has a standard length which does not leave room for personalization or narrative descriptions.

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